1. Which of the following decision points contributes to cyclomatic complexity?

A. Variable declarations B. If statements C. Constant assignments D. Comments in the code

2. Which factor is NOT considered when calculating function point metrics?

A. Number of user inputs B. Number of external interfaces C. Amount of memory used D. Number of inquiries

3. Which CASE tool is based on the Eclipse platform and supports Java metrics?

A. CCCC B. Dependency Finder C. Analyst4j D. Visual Studio

4. Which statement about predictable risks is true?

A. They cannot be identified before they occur B. They are always avoided completely C. They are hypothesized based on past project experience D. They only occur in new types of projects

5. What does dependency finder analyze?

A. Source code comments B. Compiled Java code for dependency graphs C. Memory profiling D. Load testing results

6. In software risk management, what defines predictable risks?

A. Risks that cannot be identified before they happen B. Risks hypothesized from past project experience C. Risks that are directly measured by software metrics D. Risks that are only associated with delivery dates

7. What metric would be best to evaluate the complexity of object-oriented software design?

A. Halstead Metrics B. Chidamber & Kemerer's metrics C. Function point analysis D. LOC

8. Why is it necessary to standardize LOC counting methods across organizations?

A. To improve program execution speed B. To have meaningful comparisons of productivity and quality C. To reduce software size D. To increase the number of developers

9. What is a major limitation of using Halstead’s metrics for software measurement?

A. They only apply to visual programming B. They require classification of tokens into operators and operands C. They ignore unique operands D. They measure only hardware performance

10. What impact does high cyclomatic complexity (>40) have on software testability and cost?

A. High testability and low cost B. Medium testability and medium cost C. Low testability and high cost D. Not testable and very high cost

11. What is the main use of function point analysis in software projects?

A. Measuring the quality of code comments B. Measuring software application functional size C. Counting lines of code in the project D. Estimating network bandwidth requirements

12. What kind of metric is 'Errors/KLOC' considered as?

A. Process metric B. Quality metric C. Size-oriented metric D. Project management metric

13. Which of the following best describes known software risks?

A. Risks that are hypothesized from previous projects B. Risks that are extremely difficult to identify in advance C. Risks uncovered after thorough assessment of project environment D. Risks that never actually occur

14. In the context of software metrics, what significance does a cyclomatic complexity value greater than 40 have?

A. Code is highly testable and simple B. Code is not testable and has very high cost and effort C. Code has medium complexity and moderate effort D. Code is well-structured and maintainable

15. What is a key property of the cyclomatic complexity metric?

A. It cannot be less than 1 B. It counts total lines of comments C. It only applies to object-oriented code D. It is typically greater than 50 for simple programs

16. What type of risk can be hypothesized from previous project experience?

A. Known risks B. Predictable risks C. Unpredictable risks D. Unknown risks

17. What does productivity in size oriented metrics typically measure?

A. Errors per KLOC B. Documentation pages per month C. KLOC produced per person-month D. Number of user inputs processed

18. Which of the following best categorizes the risk of an unrealistic delivery date?

A. Known risk B. Predictable risk C. Unpredictable risk D. Unknown risk

19. Why is cyclomatic complexity often minimized in software design?

A. To speed up compilation B. To improve code understandability and reduce bugs C. To increase lines of code D. To increase the number of features

20. Which metric helps in assessing the code structure by identifying package and type dependencies in Java?

A. Analyst4j B. Eclipse Metrics Plug-in C. Halstead’s metrics D. Function Point Analysis

21. Which metric is helpful in comparing different programming languages concerning their characteristics?

A. Cyclomatic complexity B. Software metrics C. Risk management D. User interface design

22. What type of nodes are predicate nodes in control flow graphs?

A. Nodes with assignment statements B. Nodes that contain conditions or decision points C. Nodes with loops only D. Start and end nodes

23. What is the primary purpose of software risk management?

A. To eliminate all risks in software projects B. To identify, assess, and minimize potential risks impacting a project C. To increase the cost of software development D. To delay project delivery

24. Which tool generates reports based on Chidamber & Kemerer's object-oriented metrics?

A. Dependency Finder B. Chidamber & Kemerer Java Metrics tool C. Analyst4j D. CCCC

25. What kind of technique is used in software risk management to deal with risks?

A. Ignoring unknown risks B. Identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks C. Eliminating all possible risks simultaneously D. Using only historical data for risk prediction

26. Why is productivity often measured as KLOC per person-month?

A. To assess time taken per line of code B. To evaluate the efficiency of programmers based on code produced over effort C. To measure the number of bugs fixed per month D. To determine the project budget

27. What is one limitation of LOC metric in GUI-based projects?

A. It counts only user inputs B. LOC does not apply because GUI primarily uses forms rather than lines of code C. It measures only run-time errors D. It cannot measure network latency

28. What is the main feature of the CCCC tool?

A. GUI-based dependency analysis B. Command-line tool analyzing C++ and Java metrics C. Web application for bug tracking D. Automated code documentation

29. What effect does a high cyclomatic complexity value typically have on software testing?

A. Increases testability B. Decreases testability C. No effect on testability D. Makes code automatically error-free

30. Which activity is central to managing software risks effectively?

A. Only identifying unpredictable risks B. Ignoring past project experiences C. Continuous assessment and identification of risks and mitigation plans D. Relying solely on software metrics to reduce risks

31. Which formula is used to calculate cyclomatic complexity according to McCabe?

A. V(G) = N - E + 1 B. V(G) = E - N + 2 C. V(G) = N + E - 2 D. V(G) = P - 1

32. How does high cyclomatic complexity impact software maintenance?

A. Increases maintainability B. Makes maintenance harder due to complexity C. Has no impact on maintenance D. Simplifies maintenance tasks

33. How does function point analysis benefit stakeholders?

A. By providing a language-dependent size measure B. By offering a consistent, tool and technology-independent software size measurement C. By counting the number of developers on the project D. By increasing testing costs

34. How are errors per KLOC useful in software metrics?

A. They indicate the productivity of programmers B. They measure the quality of the software based on defect density C. They determine the size of the software D. They measure the complexity of code

35. Which metric considers both operators and operands in a program?

A. Cyclomatic complexity B. Halstead's Software Metrics C. Function Point Analysis D. LOC

36. Which metric is considered a size-oriented metric?

A. Cyclomatic complexity B. Number of user inputs C. Halstead's program length D. Error density

37. What does cyclomatic complexity primarily measure in a software program?

A. Number of lines of code B. Number of decision points or independent paths C. Number of functions in the program D. Amount of memory used during execution

38. What is the formula to calculate the cyclomatic complexity V(G) according to McCabe?

A. V(G) = N - E + 1 B. V(G) = E - N + 2 C. V(G) = P - E + 2 D. V(G) = N + E - P

39. What is the ideal maximum cyclomatic complexity value recommended for modules?

A. 5 B. 10 C. 20 D. 50

40. Which risk type is extremely difficult to identify in advance?

A. Known risks B. Predictable risks C. Unpredictable risks D. Controlled risks

41. A function point analysis helps primarily to:

A. Measure physical size of source code in lines B. Evaluate software functional size independent of technology C. Count number of external interfaces only D. Measure cyclomatic complexity of a program

42. What is a basis set in the context of cyclomatic complexity?

A. The total lines of code in a program B. A set of possible independent execution paths through a program C. The set of variables declared D. A collection of software requirements

43. What does 'Effort' generally refer to in size-oriented metrics?

A. Number of technicians required B. Person-months used to develop the software C. Machine hours consumed D. Number of defects fixed

44. Why is Lines of Code (LOC) not a universally accepted metric?

A. Because it applies to all programming languages equally B. LOC counting methods vary and it’s not applicable to GUI-based projects C. It is too difficult to measure correctly D. Because it only counts executable statements

45. What does cyclomatic complexity measure in a software program?

A. Number of lines of code B. Number of independent execution paths C. Number of user inputs D. Number of errors per KLOC

46. In Halstead's metrics, what does 'n1' represent?

A. Total occurrences of operands B. Total occurrences of operators C. Count of unique operators D. Count of unique operands

47. Why is LOC (Lines of Code) metric not universally accepted in software measurement?

A. It is too easy to measure B. Different organizations have inconsistent methods of counting LOC C. LOC always overestimates the complexity D. LOC does not consider the number of programmers involved

48. In Halstead's metrics, what does the total token count (N) represent?

A. Sum of unique operators and operands B. Sum of total occurrences of operators and operands C. Number of algorithms implemented D. Number of lines of code

49. Which CASE tool is designed as a plug-in for the Eclipse IDE and analyzes Java code metrics?

A. CCCC B. Dependency Finder C. Analyst4j D. Eclipse Metrics Plug-in by Frank Sauer

50. Which of the following is NOT a property of cyclomatic complexity?

A. V(G) is always greater than or equal to 1 B. V(G) counts the maximum number of independent paths in a program C. V(G) is the total lines of code in a program D. If V(G) = 1, the program has only one path