1. What does the comparative method seek to do in political science research?

A. Measure only economic variables B. Establish similarities and differences among political phenomena C. Prove one ideology is superior D. Create laws

2. What does constitutionalism primarily ensure in a political system?

A. Unlimited power of the executive B. Government operates according to law C. Arbitrary decisions by leaders D. Frequent changes in government policies

3. What role does public opinion have in a government's legitimacy?

A. No influence B. Helps government gain acceptance and obedience C. Destroys government authority D. Only affects economic policy

4. Which method of inquiry involves generating data through judgment rather than measurement?

A. Quantitative method B. Scientific method C. Qualitative method D. Deductive method

5. The force theory of the state holds that:

A. The state evolved through a social contract B. States are created by divine mandate C. The state originated through conquest and coercion D. States existed naturally from time immemorial

6. According to the document, political science claims what status?

A. Purely an art B. Neither art nor science C. An area combining science and art D. A branch of economics

7. The doctrine of the rule of law opposes:

A. Equality before the law B. Supremacy of law C. Arbitrariness and whim of office holders D. Checks and balances

8. The concept of separation of powers aims at:

A. Combining all powers into one institution B. Ensuring no single branch dominates government functions C. Enhancing military control D. Increasing parliamentary power over judiciary

9. Why are constitutions often described as either rigid or flexible?

A. Because some are written and others oral. B. Because some allow easier amendments while others require stringent procedures. C. Because some guarantee only civil rights, while others guarantee political rights. D. Because they originate either from colonial powers or indigenous traditions.

10. Which principle emphasizes the supremacy of law and equality before it?

A. Divine right of kings B. Rule of law C. Separation of powers D. Popular sovereignty

11. Which of the following best describes the principle of the rule of law?

A. The power of office holders is absolute and unrestricted. B. Laws are applied unequally depending on one’s social status. C. The supremacy of law is maintained through courts, ensuring equality before the law. D. Government decisions are based purely on the whims of leaders.

12. What does the inductive method in political science involve?

A. Drawing conclusions from general premises B. Establishing truth through observation and specifics C. Using only quantitative data D. Testing existing hypotheses without observation

13. The three basic duties of the state include all EXCEPT:

A. Protecting society from violence B. Providing unlimited economic benefits to elites C. Establishing a system of justice D. Creating public institutions

14. What is a major concern of political philosophers regarding government forms?

A. Maintaining the status quo B. Producing the best form of society C. Ensuring dictatorship D. Limiting citizen participation

15. According to the course content, which of the following is NOT a recognized theory of the origin of the state?

A. Social Contract theory B. Force theory C. Divine theory D. Delight theory

16. An informal constitution is characterized by:

A. Having no written or codified rules B. Rigid amendment procedures C. Being easily amended by formal processes D. Being recognized only in dictatorships

17. Which method of political inquiry involves measuring and counting data to analyze political events?

A. Inductive method B. Quantitative method C. Comparative method D. Analytical method

18. What is the relationship between power and authority in political science?

A. Authority is illegitimate power B. Power transforms into authority through legitimacy C. Power and authority are unrelated D. Authority always opposes power

19. What distinguishes a flexible constitution from a rigid one?

A. It is easier to amend through regular legislative process B. It is harder to change C. It cannot be changed at all D. It applies only to authoritarian regimes

20. What do the terms power, influence, authority, and legitimacy have in common?

A. They are all types of governments B. They derive from human interaction C. They mean the same thing D. They are unrelated concepts

21. What does the executive branch primarily do?

A. Makes laws B. Interprets laws C. Enforces laws and administers government D. Reviews laws

22. Which is NOT a feature of democracy identified in the document?

A. Popular participation B. Rule of law C. Unlimited executive power D. Protection of rights

23. The scientific method in political science begins with:

A. Data collection B. Statement of problem C. Hypothesis formulation D. Data analysis

24. According to Bentham, legitimacy requires:

A. Acquisition and exercise of power according to justifiable rules B. Power acquired by inheritance C. Power without public consent D. Tyranical use of power

25. What is the main role of the legislature?

A. Enforcing laws B. Making laws C. Judging disputes D. Leading the military

26. Which of the following is NOT a branch or arm of government?

A. Executive B. Judiciary C. Legislature D. Military

27. What is the primary focus of political science as a discipline?

A. Study of plants and animals B. Study of laws, government, power, and politics C. Study of chemical processes D. Study of ancient languages

28. According to Max Weber, what is the most accurate definition of power in political science?

A. The ability to persuade others through negotiation and compromise. B. The capacity to impose one’s will on the behavior of other people. C. Authority granted by legal institutions without resistance. D. Influence that arises only from formal positions of leadership.

29. Which statement about political scientists is correct?

A. All political scientists are politicians B. Political scientists and politicians have the same roles C. Political scientists study politics but are not necessarily politicians D. Political scientists only work in governments

30. According to Anifowose, what does a constitution primarily contain?

A. Economic policies B. Rules governing judiciary only C. Rules and principles on governance and citizen rights D. Military directives

31. Which three political philosophers are traditionally associated with the principles of separation of powers?

A. Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Niccolò Machiavelli B. Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and John Stuart Mill C. Jean Bodin, John Locke, and Charles Louis Montesquieu D. Plato, Aristotle, and Cicero

32. The separation of powers divides government into which branches?

A. Legislature, military, and judiciary B. Executive, legislature, and judiciary C. Executive, military, and police D. Legislature, executive, and police

33. Which of the following is a characteristic of a rigid constitution?

A. Easily amended by simple legislative majority B. Long-lasting and difficult to change C. No legal framework for amendments D. Applies only to local governments

34. The term 'state' refers to an institution that:

A. Has no sovereignty B. Has defined territory and authority over people C. Is the same as society D. Has no organized government

35. Which of the following is NOT a recognized theory of the state in the text?

A. Social contract theory B. Force theory C. Divine right theory D. Delight theory

36. What does legitimacy in governance primarily refer to?

A. The physical power to enforce laws by the use of force. B. The acceptance and belief by people that the government has the right to rule. C. The size of the government’s military and police force. D. The wealth and resources controlled by the ruling elite.

37. What type of constitution is characterized by difficulty in amendment?

A. Flexible constitution B. Temporary constitution C. Rigid constitution D. Informal constitution

38. What is the primary function of the judiciary?

A. Enforcing laws B. Making laws C. Interpreting and applying laws D. Collecting taxes

39. Methods of political inquiry include all the following EXCEPT:

A. Analytical method B. Magical method C. Inductive and deductive method D. Quantitative and qualitative method

40. In political science, legitimacy is best described as:

A. Power gained by force B. Acceptance of the right to rule by the people C. Influence without authority D. Coercive authority

41. What does the concept of 'legitimacy' mainly involve?

A. Fairness and obedience of laws based on accepted rule B. Physical strength to rule C. Military conquest D. Wealth accumulation

42. What is NOT a major field or sub-division of political science?

A. Political theory B. International relations C. Political behavior D. Human anatomy

43. Power, influence, and authority all derive from:

A. Military strength B. Economic wealth C. Human interaction D. Legal codes

44. In political science, authority is best defined as:

A. Use of force B. Legitimate power accepted by society C. Personal influence without power D. Power without legal basis

45. What is the primary function of the legislature in a government system?

A. Enforcing laws and policies created by the government. B. Interpreting laws and delivering judicial decisions. C. Making, declaring, and enacting laws. D. Managing foreign relations and diplomacy.

46. What distinguishes a nation-state from a nation?

A. A nation-state has recognized territory and government B. A nation has no people C. Nation-state lacks sovereignty D. Nation is a type of government

47. What is the nature of constitutionalism according to the course?

A. Unlimited government power B. Government adherence to agreed limits and laws C. Anarchy and disorder D. Complete absence of laws

48. What is a primary purpose of the state according to the text?

A. To promote economic inequality B. To protect society and maintain justice C. To expand territory aggressively D. To control religion

49. In political systems, checks and balances serve to:

A. Concentrate power in one hand B. Allow unlimited government power C. Prevent abuse of power by providing mutual control D. Remove judiciary power

50. A constitution is primarily a collection of:

A. Legal codes only B. Agreed rules and principles governing a country C. Religious doctrines D. Economic plans