1. Which mental disorder is linked with potential future antisocial personality disorder if behaviors continue into adulthood?

A. Conduct disorder B. Anxiety disorder C. Bipolar disorder D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder

2. Why is low school attendance a risk factor for offending?

A. It improves educational outcomes B. It decreases social interactions C. It reduces future job prospects and increases truancy D. It promotes mental health

3. What mental disorder is often diagnosed in juvenile delinquents exhibiting lack of empathy and disregard for social norms?

A. Bipolar disorder B. Conduct disorder C. Schizophrenia D. Depression

4. What is the primary goal of the juvenile justice system as described in the document?

A. To punish juvenile offenders harshly B. To protect society by incarcerating juveniles C. To rehabilitate juveniles based on their needs D. To treat juveniles identically to adults

5. What type of juvenile behavior is often linked to diagnoses like conduct disorder?

A. Consistently empathetic and law-abiding behavior B. Continuous disregard for societal norms and property C. High academic performance and social adjustment D. Running away without behavioral issues

6. Which of the following is a condition that may be imposed on a juvenile on probation?

A. Permanent incarceration B. Curfew and school attendance C. Death sentence D. Immunity from prosecution

7. What is a reason that some children run away resulting in them becoming street children?

A. They have full family support B. They have been thrown out or left home without permission C. They prefer school over family D. They have access to foster care immediately

8. What does the defense of infancy imply?

A. Children under seven are held fully accountable B. Children under seven are not held accountable for their actions C. Children under seven are tried as adults D. Children under seven are automatically placed in detention

9. Which of the following best describes "date rape"?

A. Sexual assault by a stranger B. Consensual sexual relationships between teenagers C. Forced sexual intercourse by someone known to the victim D. Legal sexual activity among consenting adults

10. What is one key family-related risk factor strongly linked to offending?

A. Excessive parental supervision B. Low parental supervision C. Living in big families D. Having no siblings

11. Which is NOT a function of the juvenile justice system?

A. Shield juveniles from adult criminal courts B. Rehabilitate rather than punish C. Provide adult prisons for juveniles D. Deal with status offenses

12. What is the typical age span covered by juvenile justice systems?

A. Birth to 7 years B. 7 to 17 years C. 18 to 25 years D. Over 25 years

13. How does poverty increase the likelihood of delinquency?

A. By providing more educational opportunities B. Through poor housing, lack of hope, and limited employment options C. By making children more respectful of the law D. Through better social services

14. What is a major public health risk associated with adolescent drug abuse?

A. Improved academic performance B. Increased risk of traffic accidents and risky behaviors C. Strengthened family relationships D. Enhanced physical fitness

15. According to the document, what role does religion or faith potentially play in delinquency?

A. It always causes delinquency B. Strong faith can reduce unwise decisions related to sex and exploitation C. Religious faith increases crime rates D. There is no connection between religion and delinquency

16. Which of the following is an example of a status offense?

A. Armed robbery B. Truancy C. Rape D. Assault

17. What is truancy?

A. A child refusing to eat B. Staying off school without the knowledge or consent of parents or teachers C. Fighting at school D. Dropping out after graduating

18. Why might youths join gangs, according to the text?

A. To avoid all criminal activity B. For social status, protection, and economic opportunities C. Because of high academic motivation D. To engage exclusively in sports activities

19. What is the function of probation officers before sentencing?

A. To punish the juvenile immediately B. To investigate the case and gather information about the family and juvenile C. To appeal the case D. To decide the punishment without judge input

20. What typically happens during the intake process in the juvenile justice system?

A. Juveniles are sentenced immediately B. Cases are screened to decide formal or informal handling C. Juveniles are released without conditions D. Juveniles are transferred to adult court automatically

21. What is a possible consequence for the parents if they fail to follow court-ordered conditions?

A. Their child will be released without supervision B. They may have to pay fines up to 5,000 naira or face jail time C. There will be no consequences D. They lose parental rights permanently

22. How does school refusal manifest in juveniles, according to the document?

A. Complete disregard for school rules without anxiety B. Physical illnesses confirmed by medical tests only C. Emotional anxiety about attending school, often with physical symptoms but no medical cause D. Habitual absence without concern from parents or teachers

23. Why might a youth become a member of a gang involuntarily?

A. Because they want to avoid crime B. Due to coercion or recruiting traditions in their community or family C. Gang membership is always a free choice D. Only for sports benefits

24. What is a key difference between juvenile trials and adult trials?

A. Juveniles always have juries B. Juveniles never go to court C. Juveniles do not have the right to a jury in evidentiary hearings D. Juveniles are always tried in adult courts

25. Which of these is considered a school-oriented delinquency?

A. Armed robbery B. Truancy C. Drug trafficking D. Assault

26. Which statement best describes the relationship between poverty and delinquency according to the document?

A. Poverty inevitably causes delinquency in all youths B. Only wealthy youths engage in delinquency C. Poverty is a risk factor but does not guarantee delinquency D. Delinquency only occurs in environments with no poverty

27. Which factor is NOT considered a familial variable contributing to delinquency?

A. Parental conflict B. Lack of supervision C. Poor housing conditions D. Abuse and neglect of children

28. Which of the following does NOT characterize adolescent fighting?

A. Physical exchange of blows B. Directly linked with alcohol use for all adolescents C. Personal reasons behind the conflict D. Associated with psychosocial factors

29. What outcome is possible if a juvenile fails to meet probation conditions?

A. They automatically graduate from probation B. The juvenile may be sent to the Department of Juvenile Corrections C. The case is dismissed D. No consequences occur

30. Why is lack of parental supervision considered a significant factor in juvenile delinquency?

A. It leads juveniles to have higher academic achievements B. It increases chances of juveniles truanting and associating with delinquent peers C. It guarantees juveniles will enter adult prisons D. It provides juveniles with more independence and responsibility

31. Why might a juvenile be waived to adult court?

A. The juvenile requests harsher punishment B. The juvenile presents enough danger and does not respond to the juvenile system C. The parents ask for the juvenile to be tried as an adult D. The juvenile is younger than seven

32. Which of the following is NOT considered a crime-oriented delinquent act?

A. Bullying B. Stealing C. Rape D. Assault

33. What is the main purpose of the intake process in juvenile justice?

A. To immediately detain juvenile offenders B. To determine how cases will be handled based on severity and history C. To punish juveniles for minor infractions D. To waive juveniles to adult court

34. What is the main purpose of the juvenile justice system?

A. To punish juveniles as severely as adults B. To protect and rehabilitate juvenile offenders C. To isolate juveniles from society D. To keep juveniles out of school

35. In juvenile court, what disposition occurs most frequently?

A. Imprisonment in adult prison B. Probation C. Immediate release D. Death penalty

36. What role do schools play in school-oriented delinquency?

A. Schools are not associated with juvenile delinquency B. Schools may be environments where truancy, bullying, and refusal occur C. Schools automatically expel all delinquent juveniles D. Schools promote criminal behavior intentionally

37. Which factor is an example of societal variables influencing delinquency?

A. Parental criminality B. Inequality and lack of community support C. Educational attainment of the child D. Intelligence of the juvenile

38. Which of the following is a risk factor connected to juvenile offending?

A. Consistent parental supervision B. High educational aspirations C. Impulsiveness and inability to delay gratification D. Strong attachment to school

39. What is an evidentiary hearing in the juvenile justice system?

A. An informal meeting with the judge B. A trial without a jury to determine if charges are valid C. A sentencing hearing D. Detention review hearing

40. Which of the following is NOT typically a condition ordered by judges when placing a juvenile on probation?

A. Curfew B. School attendance C. Community service without supervision D. Counseling

41. Under what circumstances might a juvenile be waived to adult court?

A. For any minor offense B. When the judge believes the juvenile is beyond rehabilitation and poses danger C. When the juvenile requests a trial in adult court D. When the parents fail to pay fines

42. How does gang membership appeal to some juveniles?

A. It offers strict punishment for delinquency B. It provides protection, status, and economic opportunities C. It ensures juveniles are exempt from police attention D. It encourages positive family relationships

43. What role do parents play when the juvenile is placed in the custody of the Department of Juvenile Corrections?

A. They lose all parental rights and responsibilities B. They must pay for the treatment of the juvenile C. They continue to decide the juvenile's living arrangements D. They are no longer responsible financially

44. Why might a juvenile be placed in detention before court hearings?

A. To offer them free education B. Due to seriousness of offense or to ensure their appearance at court C. To celebrate their good behavior D. As a permanent solution

45. How is bullying characterized in Nigerian schools according to the document?

A. Rare and not problematic B. Frequent, involving physical abuse and property theft of weaker students C. Always punished strictly by teachers D. Nonexistent in primary and secondary schools

46. Which of the following is NOT considered a family factor influencing juvenile offending?

A. Level of parental supervision B. Parental conflict or separation C. Quality of the parent-child relationship D. Juvenile’s choice of school subjects

47. Which offenses automatically lead to a juvenile being tried as an adult between ages fourteen and seventeen?

A. Vandalism and theft B. First or second-degree murder, armed robbery, or gang-related crimes C. Truancy and school absenteeism D. Running away from home

48. In cases where the Department of Juvenile Corrections takes custody of a juvenile, what responsibilities do the parents retain?

A. No responsibilities after legal custody transfer B. They must pay for the child’s treatment and retain parental rights C. They are required to attend court daily D. They become legal guardians of other juveniles

49. What is a common characteristic of street children?

A. They always have adult supervision B. They live in wealthy neighborhoods C. They often live on the streets without family care or protection D. They do not experience poverty

50. Which of the following is an automatic waiver offense for juveniles aged 14-17?

A. Petty theft B. Vandalism C. First or second-degree murder D. Truancy